IUI stands for intrauterine insemination. It is also known as artificial insemination. The IUI definition is that the sperm is directly introduced inside the uterus to achieve fertilization, leading to pregnancy.
IUI is a form of assisted fertility procedure that aims to elevate the odds of fertilization by getting healthy sperm near the fallopian tubes at the time of ovulation during the menstrual cycle.
What Is IUI Treatment?
The natural process that leads to a successful conception is complex and involves many steps. A problem during any part of it affects fertility adversely.
Many times, anatomical issues of the reproductive tract and low sperm quality and quantity are the main hindrances leading to infertility.
Normally, only 5% of sperm travel to the uterus through the cervix during the natural conception process. In IUI fertility treatment, sperm is collected and concentrated to get the best specimen. The uterus is then filled with these sperm. When the egg is released from the ovaries during ovulation, it will thus be close to the fallopian tubes.
Intrauterine insemination decreases the distance the sperm has to travel to get to the fallopian tubes and increases the odds of fertilization.
IUI Process and Procedures
Intrauterine insemination is much less invasive and straightforward than the assisted fertility treatments of the past. Some prerequisite processes and procedures have to be followed before starting IUI treatment to enhance the likelihood of pregnancy.
Preparatory Tests, Scans, and Screenings
To ensure a safe and successful IUI process, the patients undergo a complete physical exam, blood tests to rule out infections and STDs, screening for genetic disorders, a semen analysis, and scans of the reproductive system.
Semen Sample
IThe IUI procedure is an artificial insemination therefore the semen sample is a very important step in the process.
The male partner provides the semen sample at the hospital, or a sample from an IUI sperm donor is acquired and thawed for the IUI process.
Sperm Preparation
To improve sperm quality, the sample is washed and concentrated so that only a small amount of premium-quality sperm is obtained. The sperm preparation process increases the likelihood of successful fertilization and implantation, leading to an IUI pregnancy.
Timing The Procedure
Timing is critical for intrauterine insemination. The sperm is introduced through a catheter inside the uterus, close to the fallopian tubes, as soon as the blood tests and scans confirm signs of imminent ovulation.
The Role of Stimulatory Medication
At times, stimulatory medication is used to ensure timely ovulation and the release of eggs into the fallopian tubes.
IUI Treatment Costs
IUI cost is less than other types of fertility treatments, though the exact cost of the IUI treatment differs from case to case. The cost of IUI treatment fluctuates based on the choice of the fertility hospital, preliminary testing, the need for donor sperm, the use of stimulatory drugs, etc.
At the British Cyprus IVF Hospital, our certified fertility specialists will map out the complete IUI treatment plan beforehand and provide prospective patients with a price quote.
What Is the Difference Between IUI and IVF?
The aim of both of these fertility treatments is the fertilization of an egg and sperm. The difference is that in IVF fertilization, which occurs outside the body in a lab, the embryo undergoes maturation and is then implanted in the uterus. In intrauterine insemination, healthy, active, and good-quality sperm is introduced into the uterus through the cervix using a catheter, and fertilization occurs inside the body.
IUI is cheaper and less invasive than in-vitro fertilization, but the success rate of IUI vs. IVF is lower.
How Is IUI Performed?
There are three main steps in IUI:
Ovulation
Detecting the exact time of ovulation is crucial for the IUI process. It is predicted by performing a blood test or by using a home ovulation predictor kit.
In some cases, stimulatory medication is used to ensure ovulation and the release of eggs.
Semen Sample
A fresh semen sample is acquired from the male partner, or a donor sample is thawed. The semen sample is prepared by sperm washing, which ensures a healthy sperm concentrate for insemination.
Artificial Insemination
When ovulation is imminent, healthy sperm are released in the uterus with the help of a catheter. This improves the chances of fertilization because healthy sperm are present in close proximity to the egg released during ovulation.
Cramping after IUI
Some patients have discomfort or cramping after IUI. There is a possible range for pain intensity. It resolves on its own after a few days.
Not everyone experiences cramping after IUI.
How Long Does It Take to Get Pregnant after IUI?
Assuming successful fertilization, it takes approximately 5–6 days for the embryo to implant in the uterine wall. At this point, there is a spike in the levels of the hCG hormone. On average, a pregnancy test is performed by a fertility specialist two weeks after IUI.
Can I Get Twins after IUI?
A few eggs are released during ovulation as a result of stimulatory medicine. It may result in multiple pregnancies.
Is IUI Painful?
Compared to other reproductive treatments, IUI involves fewer intrusive procedures. Most patients complain of slight discomfort and cramping during and after the procedure. There is no need for anesthesia.
Who Is a Good Candidate for IUI?
An ideal candidate for IUI will be someone with:
- Women under 35 with good ovarian reserve
- Women with at least one open fallopian tube
- Men with a sperm count above 5 million
- Couples with sexual dysfunctions such as ejaculation issues or vaginismus
